Thursday, August 27, 2020

How can Marketing mix model help Manchester United build its global brand? Essay

The principle reason for this report is to present the meaning of establishment and to examination its benefits. The report involves a few focal points of establishment in pretty much every perspective, which have been end up being fundamental and dependable. By this mean, the end could be drawn that it is the most ideal approach to show a worldwide business to establishment. 2. 0Introduction Franchise, is an approval allowed by an administration or organization to an individual or gathering empowering them to do indicated business exercises. For instance, McDonald’s is one of the most renowned brand diversifying. As the franchisor, McDonald’s gives the privilege to the franchisee, just as sell McDonald’s related items to somebody who is happy to set up his own business. The permit understanding requests McDonald’s to continue fabricating or working ways and the nature of the great. This is a settlement that can suit the two gatherings entirely well. Under a McDonald’s establishment, McDonald’s possesses or leases the position and the structure of café. The franchisee purchases the parts, the gear and the option to deal with the establishment in next twenty years. To affirm lucidness all through the world, all franchisees must utilize normalized McDonald’s menus, marking, organization frameworks and plan formats. 3. 0Main Section 3. 1 Justify of the reference Bernd Helmig is Full Professor, Chair and Head of Department for Business Administration, Public and Nonprofit Management at the University of Mannheim (Germany). Other than he goes about as Academic Director for Executive Education of Mannheim Business School. He was Visiting Faculty Guest at Harvard Business School (Boston, Cambridge/Mass. ), and Visiting Scholar at the University of Edinburgh (UK). His examination advantages spread fields, for example, Nonprofit Marketing, Fundraising, Social Marketing, Failure of NPOs, and Corporate Social Responsibility (counting Corporate Giving and Corporate Volunteering). Tansev Geylani moved on from University of Pittsburgh. He has such degrees as PhD in Industrial Administration (Marketing), Carnegie Mellon University, 2004,MS in Industrial Administration (Marketing), Carnegie Mellon University, 2002 MBA, Koc University and 1999 BS in Mechanical Engineering, M. E. T. U. , 1997. Tansev Geylani joined the Katz workforce in 2004. His examination advantages incorporate appropriation channels, retailing, product offering methodologies, data sharing, advertising and antitrust, media rivalry, and client created content. He was named Marketing Science Institute Young Scholar in 2009. Different honors he got incorporate Management Science’s Distinguished Service (2009 ; 2011) and Meritorious Service grants (2012), the Katz Excellence in Research Award (2009), and the Katz Excellence in Teaching Award (2008). Alanson Minkler function as an Associate Professor, Economics for University of Connecticut at Storrs Mansfield. His branches of knowledge include: Economic Rights, Alternative Economic Decision-Making. He additionally has degree like Ph. D. College of California-Davis, 1988 and B. A. College of California-Berkeley, 1981. His underlying advantages fixated on specialist commitments and inspirations in firms, with specific spotlight on work oversaw and diversified firms 3. 2 Advantages of Franchise Being your own supervisor The franchisor normally checks the guidelines of administration, quality, worth and tidiness of the franchisee (Minkler, A. , 1990). The franchisee who gets all the preparation and backing from franchisor is working their own business so has a lot to lose just as increase, which persuades them a great deal to decide to succeed. Lower disappointment rate Once you utilize an establishment, you are purchasing a created idea that has been effective. Figures show that franchisees stand a vastly improved chance of accomplishment than individuals who start free organizations; autonomous organizations tally a 70 to 80 percent possibility of NOT enduring the initial scarcely any basic years while franchisees have a 80 percent possibility of enduring (Michael M. Coltman, Franchising in Canada: Pros and Cons, Self-Counsel Press). Serious starting preparing The franchisor has the obligation to offer full-time preparing program which incorporates three phases to franchisee (Tansev G, 2004). Right off the bat, it begins with working in an eatery, wearing the staff uniform, planning for food and preparing. Furthermore, it centers around regions, for example, group building, business the board, dealing with client enquiries and initiative aptitudes. Finally, the learner finds out about stock control and requesting, lawful side of employing andâ employing staff and benefit and misfortune accounts. These preparation strategies are end up being significant. Advertising help Franchisee could profit by the parent company’s promoting programs, as per Entrepreneur. com. The showcasing and promoting ads made by the franchisor leave franchisee with more opportunity to concentrate on the day by day working of business. This is a success win for the two gatherings. It helps increment deals by methods for establishment, which, then again, permits the parent organization to gather more expenses. (Bernd H. 2008) Continuous help It perceives that the achievement and gainfulness of numerous worldwide chain brands are inseparably connected to the accomplishment of the establishments (Minkler, A. , 1990). A profoundly qualified gathering of expert consultants offer ceaseless help on everything from HR to PCs and bookkeeping. The field consultant can turn into an important colleague and a sounding board for thoughts. Ensured Territory In many cases, an establishment parent organization would ensure franchisee a foreordained domain and help it in prevailing in that field (Tansev G, 2004). Regions change contingent upon the organization which is worked with, however not contending with another establishment area from a similar organization in region can assist with creating income. 3. 3 Shortages of Franchise One significant issue for another business is foreseeing how much business it may appreciate, risking either capital issues or the challenges related with overtrading. The turnover and benefit from any outlet will change, contingent upon a wide scope of inside and outside factors. Each franchisee is required to adopt a positive strategy to working up deals, albeit a normal pace of return of more than 20 percent is commonly expected over the lifetime of the establishment. With regards to beginning a business, numerous individuals consider purchasing an establishment as an alternate route to progress (Bernd H. 2008). While there is some fact to this, not all establishments are made equivalent, and not every person is removed to be a franchisee. 4Conclusion By explicit depictions of numerous points of interest of establishment and examination them with its disadvantages, we can make the end that establishment is the most ideal method of universal business.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Brave New World: Hypnopaedic Slogans :: essays research papers

Rest educating and mind control: trancelike influence procedures utilized for control and control over the person. Subliminal therapy isn't generally advanced in our general public as formal instruction; yet, it waits not too far off. In Huxley's Brave New World, hypnopaedia is utilized to advance financial solidness and control feelings of the occupants living in England. The economy-arranged society depends on hypnopaedia to keep shoppers anxious to go through by them with appealing, expend driven expressions. For instance, one motto tells individuals that they "do love flying. [They] . . .do adore flying" (33). An inhabitant of London likes being high, utilizing helicopters for all transportation, and the sentiment of being protected in an indestructible machine. The gas-chugging machines cost gigantic measures of cash to keep filled, thus the gas showcase goes up. What's more, the individuals accept that "ending is better than mending" (35). One is educated to get rid of things as opposed to attempting to fix them. Society energizes buying new, continually purchasing to an ever increasing extent to support the economy. Besides, youngsters are instructed that "the more lines the less riches" (33). Sewing and other fixing of any sort are disliked, in light of the fact that it doesn't cost anything , rather, it sets aside cash. The more one endeavors to repair and keep as opposed to discard, the less cash available for use all through the nation and consequently, the economy endures. The flourishing of this cash cycle is esteemed profoundly, thus these three jingles are rest educated to all. Hypnopaedic mottos center likewise around empowering aloof joy. For instance, Lenina frequently says "a gram is better than a damn" (37). Society instructs one to take a gram of soma, the medication with no after effect, to dispose of issues or stresses. At the point when individuals pick soma as opposed to managing issues, it advances enthusiastic dependability all through the country. What's more, individuals discover that "one cubic centimeter fixes ten melancholy sentiments"(60). One should take soma as opposed to feeling terrible or upset about anything, which can divert the brain from other, progressively significant issues. Flimsiness in the work environment happens when one has enthusiastic pressure that can detract from the quality and amount of the work done. Besides, individuals meander aimlessly off that "was and will make me sick. I take a gram and just am" (29). It is encouraged that the past and future don't make a difference, concentrating just on the present is the right method to be.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Why is Blogging Such a Crucial Marketing Tool

Why is Blogging Such a Crucial Marketing Tool Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now! Why is Blogging Such a Crucial Marketing Tool? Updated On 08/11/2018 Author : Ram kumar Topic : Blogging Short URL : https://hbb.me/2JNekZf CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlog Over recent years, blogging has become hugely popular not just amongst those who are dedicated to blogging but also with businesses looking to use blogging as a marketing tool. For businesses, the ability to take advantage of the digital revolution through blogging has made it far easier to reach out to audiences and to boost business success. This is something that has become more and more important in today’s digital age, particularly given the stiff competition faced by businesses in all industries. The good news is that you do not have to be a blogging expert in order to benefit from blogging. In fact, most business owners have enough to be getting on with without having to try and become writing experts. This is why many now use companies like outreachxpert.com as this means that they can enjoy all of the benefits that come with regular blogging. Why you should use blogging for your business So, why is it so important to use blogging as part of your business marketing and to help boost business success? Well, one of the key things to remember about blogging is that it helps you to really engage with your audience in a far more effective way than standard advertising. Your audience is able to relate to your brand, services, products, and industry far more easily when you use well crafted blog posts, and this can make all the difference to your business success. Your blog posts provide you with the opportunity to make a real impact on your audience. As long as the information is accurate, interesting, and relevant, you can take the opportunity to make a real positive impact on your customers and audiences, which in turn can make a huge positive difference when it comes to your reputation and the level of confidence people have in you as a company. It is important to be seen as a leading authority in your industry these days if you want to succeed and one of the ways in which you can do this is through making sure you use blogging to its fullest potential. If you add new blog posts to your website on a regular basis, there is another key benefit you will be able to look forward to. Major search engines such as Google love to see fresh content being added to sites but the content has to be relevant and of high quality. By adding well written blogs on a regular basis, you will not only keep your readers more informed as well as more impressed but you can also keep the search engines happy, all of which can affect your website traffic and rankings. On a final note, you should make sure that you direct people to any new blogs you add to your website so that they are aware new ones have been added. One of the easiest ways to do this is through posting a link to your latest blogs on social media. This way, people will be able to see when you post something new and also forward the link to their own friends. .IRPP_button , .IRPP_button .postImageUrl , .IRPP_button .centered-text-area { min-height: 86px; position: relative; } .IRPP_button , .IRPP_button:hover , .IRPP_button:visited , .IRPP_button:active { border:0!important; } .IRPP_button { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #3498DB; } .IRPP_button:active , .IRPP_button:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .IRPP_button .postImageUrl { background-position: center; background-size: cover; float: right; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 30%; } .IRPP_button .centered-text-area { float: left; width: 70%; padding:0; margin:0; } .IRPP_button .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: inherit; font-size: 13px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: .125em; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .IRPP_button .postTitle { color: #ECF0F1; font-size: 16px; fon t-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .IRPP_button .ctaButton { background: #ECF0F1; color: inherit; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; margin: 18px 14px 18px 14px; moz-border-radius: 3px; padding: 12px 0; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; webkit-border-radius: 3px; width: 80px; position: absolute; } .IRPP_button:hover .ctaButton { background: #e6e6e6; } .IRPP_button .centered-text { display: table; height: 86px; padding:0; margin:0; padding-left: 108px!important; top: 0; } .IRPP_button .IRPP_button-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .IRPP_button:after { content: "; display: block; clear: both; } READ5 Cool Widgets Services for Your Blogger Blog

Monday, May 25, 2020

Analysis Of Israelite And Swartz s Informative Article Essay

In Israelite and Swartz’s informative article, â€Å"Reformulating the Feminist Perspective: Giving Voice to Women with Disabilities†, the various ways in which disabled people, and more specifically, disabled women live and are perceived is discussed. The authors’ underlying comments about this perception are a product of the comparison between two models of disability brought up in the text and the further analysis of the social model within its many social applications. However, the authors successfully isolate some faults in the aforementioned models which brings room for critiques and scrutiny. Firstly, the primary argument put forth by the authors of this article is the idea that even with numerous feminist movements and positive progressions in the ways that the female population is being integrated and better valued in society, the disabled members of these feminist groups are still not equivalent nor are they being perceived as equivalent relative to the nondisabled portion of feminists and that their status is not improving. They mention how, â€Å"mainstream feminist theories tend to privilege the functional capabilities and social role characteristics of ‘normal’ women† and that, â€Å"nondisabled women have severed them from the sisterhood in an effort to advance more powerful, competent, and appealing female icons† (Israelite, Swartz, 2013, p.155). This goes against the entire purpose of having social movements and entire academic disciplines related to the study of human

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Benefits And Adverse Effects Of Birth Control - 2738 Words

Benefits and Adverse Effects of Birth Control in Women 18-35 Yekaterina Rabinskaya 8/17/15 Introduction Since the invention of contraceptive methods, scientists have been looking for methods to benefit the process of birth control. We have found some ways in controlling conception and providing women the benefit of either taking an oral dose, injectable dose, or having outpatient surgical procedures that prevents pregnancy either indefinitely or for an extension of several years at a time. In this project, I will discuss if the oral type of birth control is beneficial and if the adverse effects are evident enough to compel the cessation of such preventative methods. With approval of birth control in United States, there has been a major turning point in the country. Introduction of birth control techniques provide women in the United States with an effective, reversible and convenient technique of contraception which made real prospect of the reliably childbearing in the country (Goldin Katz, 2002). Access to reliable birth control measures has permitted women to plan when to get pregnant, when to give birth as well as how to space their children in case they become parents. Apparently, the new norms for birth control technique continue evolving and are expected to continue gaining popularity all over the world. To be more specific, birth control has helped women develop economically especially in business sector for the past 85 years. Moreover, while the wage gapShow MoreRelatedThe Vaccine Controversy Essay examples1641 Words   |  7 Pages22, 2010 The Vaccine Controversy The vaccine controversy is the dispute over the morality, ethics, effectiveness, and /or safety of vaccinations. The medical and scientific evidence is that the benefits of preventing suffering and death from infectious diseases outweigh rare adverse effects of immunization. Since vaccination began in the late 18th century, opponents have claimed that vaccines do not work, that they are or may be dangerous, that individuals should rely on personal hygieneRead MoreThe Importance Of Vaccination1241 Words   |  5 Pagesfor Disease Control, American Medical Association, Institute of Medicine, American Academy of Pediatrics, US Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, World Health Organization, American Academy of Family Physicians, and the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases all agree that vaccines are safe. One misconception people have about vaccines is that they can commonly cause reactions in those that receive the vaccination. People need t o know that adverse reactions toRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus1654 Words   |  7 Pageslowering of the thresholds for diagnosis the health care cost of GDM can be expected to rise proportionately. The discussion of whether a benefit exists to the treatment of GDM assumes greater importance now than in the past (Landon, 2010). Even though it has long been known that women with preexisting type I and type II diabetes are at increased risk for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, the relationship of GDM to various perinatal risks has been less clear. O Sullivan and Mahan developed GlucoseRead MoreEffects Of Urbanization On The Environment1171 Words   |  5 Pagesincreasingly for its application. There are many factor and theories for explaining the forces behind population change. In pre-present day social orders, birth rates were high by the norms of industrialized world today. 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Malathion is also used indoors to control insects and ticks on pets like cats and dogsRead MoreInternational Drug Monitoring For The Thalidomide Disaster Detected1301 Words   |  6 Pagesthe detection, collection, assessment, monitoring, understanding and prevention of adverse effects (AEs) or any other drug-related problem. World health organization (WHO) established its programme for International Drug Monitoring in response to the thalidomide disaster detected in 1961. The aims of PV are to enhance patient care and patient safety in relation to the use of medicines; and to ensure the risk-benefit profile of medicines. Ultimately, PV is concerned with identifying and minimizingRead MoreContraceptive Methods And Sterilization Procedures Prescribed For Women1348 Words   |  6 PagesThe availability of contraceptives following the recent birth control mandate, there are still some issues concerning about what exactly will be covered. Currently according to Affordable Car Act (ACA), health insurance companies is supposed to provide birth control methods with no co-payment requirements. The new ACA law makes preventive care more accessible and affordable to millions of Americans. It is especially important to women, who are more likely to avoid needed health care, including preventiveRead MoreSkin To Skin Contact In The Delivery Room And Breastfeeding1652 Words   |  7 Pagesmother’s anxiety toward motherhood, helps produce more breast milk, and helps them become aware of their infant’s cues, not to mention an incredible lifelong bonding experience. As for the infant’s benefits of skin to skin contact, it helps with temperature regulation, stabilization of the heart rate, control of the infant’s blood sugar, and helps with weight gain. When initiating immediate skin to skin contact, infants should be placed on their mother’s chest for instinctive skills. The infant beginsRead MoreMaternal Health And The Pregnancy Essay1215 Words   |  5 Pagesfactors particularly age and race/ ethnicity, and the role of pregnancy intention to the prenatal care utilization and ultimately the correlation of these factors in the birth outcome and the maternal outcome. Due to the fact that the birth and the maternal outcomes are varying, we are looking mainly at low birth weight as the birth outcome and depression as the maternal outcome. Women must have access to comprehensive maternal health care that includes: family planning, essential medicines, and respectfulRead MoreDiabetes Mellitus : A Type Of Diabetes1369 Words   |  6 PagesNative, Aboriginal, Hispanic, South Asian, Asian and African heritage (Risk factors for gestational diabetes, para. 1). Infants of women with unmanaged gestational diabetes who fall under same risk group face problems like being fat at birth, blood glucose control problems after delivery and carry increased risk for diabetes later in life (What does gestational diabetes mean for my baby, para. 1). Management of GDM involves an individualized diet plan with physical exercise and the possibility

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Death Penalty For Juveniles - 946 Words

The death penalty for minors differs greatly from the death penalty for adult. The law that minor could be put on death row was decided to rule against the eighth amendment. The eighth amendment prohibits the act of â€Å"cruel and unusual punishment† which putting minors on death row breaks. On March 4, 2005 the law that minors could not be put on death row for their actions was set into place. The new laws say, â€Å"They cannot punish a minor by death penalty and they cannot punish someone for a crime they committed as a minor.† For example Christopher Simmons was sentenced to death row until 2005 when the laws were changed. He stole seven dollars, kidnapped, tied up, and pushed his neighbor off a railroad trestle; killing the young woman. He should have been sentenced to death row, but because of his age, seventeen, he was not put on death row. In fact he was not even sentenced to life with parole. He got re-sentenced to life without parole. The new laws helped a total of seventy-two juvenile offenders. it helped twenty-nine in Texas, fourteen in Alabama, five in Mississippi, four in Arizona, four in Louisiana, four in North Carolina, three in Florida, three in South Carolina, one in Nevada, and One in Virginia. They were all taken off death row and sentenced to life without parole. There is also a science behind why minors, anyone below the age of eighteen, cannot be put on death row. The National institute of Mental Health, the UCLA’s Department of Alexander 2Show MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty For Juveniles1169 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Paper: Death Penalty for Juveniles Capital punishment for juveniles is one of the most controversial topics to ever be explored in society and in the criminal justice system. The death penalty is a rare occurrence amongst juveniles since it is so arguable as to whether they should be tried as adults. Lynn Cothern from the Juvenile Justice Resource Center suggests that â€Å"the primary purpose of the juvenile justice system is to hold juvenile offenders accountable for delinquent acts whileRead MoreThe Death Penalty and Juveniles2945 Words   |  12 PagesThe Death Penalty and Juveniles CJA433 The Death Penalty and Juveniles In the United States, the death penalty is an issue because of its controversies. Some people see it as a punishment. Some people say â€Å"an eye for an eye,† and believe this is the way to stop youth offenders from following the path of crimes such as murders. This does not only pertain to the youth but also to the adults. Others believe the death penalty to be cruel and unusual punishment even for the adults. In the law, juvenilesRead MoreJuvenile and the Death Penalty1817 Words   |  8 PagesENG101 Dr. Ankerberg March 6, 2007 Essay #2 Juveniles and the Death Penalty Today, minors are using their age as a shield against capital punishment. Adolescents believe that since they are not eighteen they will not be punished for the crimes they commit. The death penalty is appropriate for juveniles in certain circumstances, such as murder and brutal crimes that are considered capital offenses. The rate at which the death penalty is carried out, as well as inconstancies in sentencingRead MoreJuveniles and The Death Penalty Essay1604 Words   |  7 PagesJuveniles and The Death Penalty *No Works Cited One of the most controversial issues in the rights of juveniles today is addressed in the question, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles? For nearly a century the juvenile courts have existed to shield the majority of juvenile offenders from the full weight of criminal law and to protect their entitled special rights and immunities. In the case of kent vs. United states in 1996, Justice Fortas stated some of these special rightsRead MoreJuvenile Death Penalty Essay1353 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Death Penalty One of the most controversial questions in the juvenile justice system today is, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles?†. A lot of people think that the death penalty for juveniles is cruel and unusual punishment and should only be used for adults. The crimes that juveniles commit are as dangerous and as violent as adult crimes. People argue that the adolescent brain does not mature until the late teens or early twenties, and that death penalty should not be theRead MoreEssay on Juvenile Death Penalty1824 Words   |  8 PagesDeath at 18? One of the most controversial issues in the country today is addressed in the question, Should the death penalty be applied to juveniles, and if so how young is too young? The death penalty has been in the United States for many, many years, and the United States still has yet to figure out how to solve all its dilemmas and whether or not the penalty is right or wrong. Debates about the use of the death penalty for juveniles have grown more intense because of the recent demand forRead MoreEssay on Juvenile Death Penalty3656 Words   |  15 Pagesunconstitutional to sentence a juvenile under the age of 18 to the death penalty. Before, Roper v. Simmons, in Thompson v. Oklahoma it had been decided that only those under the age of 16 could not be considered for the death penalty. Were these decisions correct? If an adolescent can commit such a heinous crime as homicide should they not also be able then to handle the consequences? The other side of the argument against the juvenile dea th penalty states that juveniles do not have the same reasoningRead MoreEssay on No Death Penalty for Juveniles2164 Words   |  9 Pagesthat the death penalty is, â€Å"the punishment of execution, administered to someone legally convicted of a capital crime.† Capital crimes array from murder to drug trafficking. In the United States the death penalty is mostly administered towards first-degree murder, with non-murder crimes varying by state. â€Å"Currently, only 58 nations actively practice the death penalty, with 96 countries having abolished it, the remainder have not used the death penalty for 10 years or only allow for death in exceptionalRead MoreThe Juvenile Death Penalty: A Case For It1583 Words   |  7 Pagesschool with a 3.5 accumulative grade point average, pulling a 4.0 grade point average from the time of my expulsion on. I walked across the same stage as the athletes, the band geeks, the book worms and the teacher’s pets. An expelled student with a juvenile record walked across the same stage as the full ride scholarship earners and the Valedictorians. Today, I am attending the University of Northern Colorado, double majoring in Criminal Justice and Psychology. I received a 3.4 grade point average myRead More Death Penalty Applied to Juveniles Essay1684 Words   |  7 PagesDeath Penalty Applied to Juveniles   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1643 a sixteen year old boy was put to death for sodomizing a cow. Three hundred and fifty years later, sixteen states have legitimized the execution of juveniles. Four of those twelve states have lowered the legal age of execution to twelve. For whatever reasons the death penalty has been supported by the public since this countrys existence. In this day and age of increasing violence, both juvenile and adult, it is time to re-examine the use

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Marketing Strategy Influence Firm Performance

Questions: Critically analyse the role and function of formal and informal institutions and evaluate how global companies may best respond to different regional settings in their strategy development and implementation processes. Critically discuss how successful companies can achieve global competitive advantage through creating and exploiting entirely new capabilities that go beyond those of competitors'. How should this process be managed effectively? Critically analyse the strategic motives which explain why multinational companies engage in Foreign Direct Investment and contrast the range of different methods available for this purpose. Evaluate the specific challenges facing start-up and SME companies in their desire to expand globally and discuss the extent to which you agree with the rationale of growth models such as the Uppsala model. Evaluate the process of global competitive dynamics and explain the various tactics and strategies that global companies may adopt in order to outperform their rivals. Answers: Introduction With the progress of time, the Multinational Companies (MNC) and such organizations are becoming more and more competitive, and thus, success is not limited to one particular destined point. With the increase in technology, innovative demand of target markets and strategic alliances, organizations are building their empire to be even more active and concrete. Some of the most successful companies are Apple Inc., Google Inc., Microsoft Corporation, Tesco, Telstra, Walmart, Toyota, Daimer Chrysler, Coles and Woolworths (Hwang and Park 2015). Each of these organizations has their strategic movements with respect to target market satisfaction and by utilizing market survey tools. However still they lag due to the improper market distribution channel, demand analysis, sales strategy, and leadership problems. Without differences in corporate strategies, organizations cannot capture larger market segment. In order to determine, how successful companies can achieve the global competitive advantage through creating and exploiting entirely new capabilities, the most successful retail giant Walmart has been chosen. Walmart falls under the retail chain industry founded fifty-four years ago in the year 1962 by Rogers in Arkansas, U.S. At present, the organization is having 11,620 employees and is serving both developed and developing countries (Abdullah Saif 2015). he range of products of Walmart is electronics, movies, music, home and furniture, clothing, home improvements, jewelry, footwear, shoes, pet supplies, health and beauty, fitness and sporting goods, auto and photo finishing, party supplies, craft supplies and grocery (Walmart.com 2016). In the year 2015, the revenue earned by Walmart was US$485.651 billion (Walmart.com 2016)The organization even has a lot of subsidiaries such as Asda, Vudu, Seiyu Group, Walmart e-commerce, Amigo Supermarkets, Massmart, and Lider. Thus, from here it can be understood how far Walmart has raised up its business across all nations including all types of product categories. In this essay, Walmart retail organization will be taken as the base of the study and the possible exploitation of new capabilities will be discussed. Discussion of Walmarts New Capabilities Walmart has been able to achieve most of the market share just by product differentiation. The number of products ranges from various categories and thereby enabling Walmart to reach all major types of target markets. According to Abdullah Saif (2015), if an organization has been able to target all customer segments with a few ranges of products then it has surely achieved highest market share. This is the same for Walmart. On the other hand, Agnihotri (2015) pointed out that along with highest product range, the organization is giving huge discounts. Thus, in future, in order to stay in the most successful position in the market, the organization has to sustain its discount giving capacity. Debt must not be raised and for that bulk supplies are to be gained from manufacturers. In the developing countries, the suppliers charge less amount for bulk supplies, but products are rich in quality. Thus, Walmart has the opportunity to raise the market demand by allowing discounts in other de veloping countries where similar products are more in price. In this way, suppliers loyalty will be raised and will sustain the win-win situation for both the stakeholders. According to Bang, Joshi and Singh (2015), sustainable competitive advantage can be received by developing the inventory management. Thus, Walmart has to use the POP data collection strategy so that inventory management can be controlled. On the other hand, Dickey et al. (2015) pointed out that long-term relationship with vendors help in increasing the organizations value. Walmart has started to operate in the fastest developing country, India and thus has the opportunity to get supplies from such nations and explore the tradition to all over the world. Fodness (2015) opined that in order to make competitive advantage, mixing and matching of tradition has often proved to be fruitful. Thus, Walmart can buy in bulk from the vendors from developing countries at low cost and sell those products across the globe with highest discounts. According to Friedman (2013), an organization may not sustain in competition if surrounded by a high amount of substitutions. Walmart has a good hold in South America, China, and Canada but it has failed to operate in Germany and South Korea. This has only happened because the number of substitutes was too much high. Strategic alliances are required for Walmart to sustain in such developed countries in future. On the other hand, Han (2015) pointed out that automated inventory management technology helps in reducing the overtime costs and complications of warehouse management. Walmart has already started to reduce the intermediaries in its supply chain and has established the cordial relationship with the manufacturers directly. In this way, the organization has been able to reduce the cost of inventory. Walmart has the distribution channel in different parts of the US. According to Hwang and Park (2015), Walmarts own warehouse provides 87% of inventory and whereas its competitors provide just 55% to 60%. On the other hand, Kang, Song, and Cha (2015) pointed out that Walmart successfully replenishes its warehouse just within two days, whereas its competitors are able to replenish warehouses only after five days. This has been only possible because Walmart directly deals with the manufacturers. Thus, the time of replenishment is reduced as the number of intermediaries is very less as compared to its competitors. This has proved to the competitive advantage for Walmart. On the other hand, Mayer and Noiseux (2015) pointed out that with automated technology for warehouse replenishment, Walmart has not only been able to reduce the time but has also reduced the price of its products. Furthermore, Miotto and Barki (2011) opined that shipping cost of Walmart is just 3%, whereas for its compe titors it is 5%. As Walmart has able to maintain the top class relationship with its distribution centers, consistent flow of products supports the supply chain of Walmart. Nugroho et al. (2015) opined that barcode system of technology helps in integrated inventory management. Walmart has maintained the rapid flow of information to all its employees regarding inventory replenishment. Each of the product categories has an individual unique barcode hand. Employees receive notification automatically whenever there is a requirement of product replenishment.. This reduced the chaos and helped in faster delivery of products. Its competitors take more time in inventory management and thus, time taken for shipping of goods is increased. Information regarding packaging, delivery, storage and shipping is done in the most integrated way reducing unnecessary paperwork. On the other hand, Olotewo (2015) pointed out that cross docking system of warehouse management has been the most effective factor for Walmart. Cross docking is the process where suppliers directly reach the warehouse and the employees select appropriate products, packages them, and sends them for sh ipping. This process has led the organization to market its products by 85% directly from its warehouse and thereby reducing the cost of products (Olotewo 2015). According to Persky and Merriman (2012), competitive advantage is reached by sustained economics where Walmart has able to reduce its cost of sales by 2% to 35 compared with kits industry average. Such amount of cost difference helps in reducing the price of products. On the other hand, Matusitz and Reyers (2010) argued that cost of sales can be reduced if the time for transportation of products from warehouse to stores is reduced. Walmart has its factory-owned trucks that transport products from warehouses to retail stores just within 48 hours. According to Rehme et al. (2015), by reducing stock-outs and excess inventory, the price of products is made stable. This reduces the cost of promotion, which aids in higher product discount. Walmart has been able to raise the discount for all its product range, which its competitors have not able to undertake. This has proved to be the competitive advantage for Walmart as price reduction helps in more unit sales. On the other hand, Stankevi it, Grunda and Bartkus (2012) argued that cross docking is extremely difficult to manage as an organization needs to make strategic investments in multiple interlocking support systems, which is far beyond justification by simple ROI criteria. Sun (2015) pointed out that Walmart is always under communication with its distribution centers, suppliers and with its every store point of sale units in order to get the idea of order flows, and consolidation of order execution so that smooth flow of products can take place. For such an integrated communication system, Walmart operates the private owned Satellite Communication System, which sends point-of-sale data directly to 4000 Walmart vendors. According to Varadarajan (2015), investment in a top class integrated communication system, which is not always feasible for all successful organizations. The organizations feel that with integrated technology, the cost of sales may be reduced, but the price of produc ts will eventually rise in the initial stages, which may affect customer retention. On the other hand, Wang (2015) argued that successful organizations have already taken all types of sustainability steps so that reduction in prices of products is possible and therefore, any further step, which can be taken, involves expanding technology involvement. Thus, from the discussion, it is evident that exploitation of new opportunity involves technology enlargement and inventory management that will limit the price of products and stabilize price changes, which will eventually increase e product awareness. Successful companies will be able to achieve global competitive advantage only if all types of market segments are reached, which will lead to sales maximization with least advertisements and promotional activities (Yuen Lam 2015). Walmart has reached out to most of its consumers just by limiting price changes and increasing discounts, thereby gaining consumer loyalty. According to Pastin (2015), technological improvement creates new capabilities for an organization, which includes online means of marketing. Lucrative offering and provocative marketing medium helps in identifying the new opportunities of market expansion. On the other hand, Christensen (2013) pointed out that online means of marketing have been the very common medium of sales at present for all successful companies. Hence, an organization needs to create unique sales strategy through online medium. Walmart has left no stone unturned in this respect. The process included Shipping Pass technology. Walmart introduced a new type of technology through which consumers can generate orders via online and would get automatic Shipping Passes for the next one year. Through Shipping Pass, registered customers would get free shipping for the next one year (Chesbrough 2013). Initially, many customers were able to create their accounts for Shipping Pass but later the link was removed. Walmart apo logized about the process and pointed out that it was the test medium of the technology, and the practical version will be updated soon on their official website. On the other hand, this strategy was an intentional strategy by Walmart, through which it came to understand the demand of consumers regarding such discount system. Such strategy acquired customers interest and thus the organization was able to catch hold its consumers for a long time after they have successfully implemented the system, which indicates new capabilities for business. From here it can be understood that organizations must not limit themselves to the traditional method of marketing but use innovative ways of online marketing so that both casual and premium customers are exclusively entertained. According to Johnston and Bate (2013), successful companies have the opportunity of improving the buying system of consumers that includes technological innovation. If the consumers are given new feelings while buying same products from supermarkets, they can be retained. Coles supermarket has installed the Blue-Sky Technology for automated buying experience enhancement for its consumers. The supermarket is huge enough and is quite similar to Walmart but not as big as the later. With Blue-Sky Technology, consumers are able to select their products through touch-screen menus and push-up buttons, which has been highly appreciated by the consumers (Cai, Hughes and Yin 2014). Thus, the organization was able to reduce their cost of employees, reduced their workers, and simultaneously engages more Australian Consumers. On the other hand, Jiang, Mavondo and Matanda (2015) pointed out that Walmart is following the same buying experience for its consumers all over the world. This organization has cut down any over expense and allocated those to discount system. Thus, the new capability is different for all organizations, where one organization tries to enhance the buying experience, and the other tries to increase discounts. According to Zawislak et al. (2012), new capabilities for corporate expansion ensure human resource management. Walmart had a tremendous expansion in the last decade and thus it was not able to manage all its business units through private airways. Therefore, it had installed the video conference technology so that all the units can be centralized under one network in real time basis. On the other hand, Ng, Ding and Yip (2013) argued that most of the successful organizations such as Kmart follow the classic textbook approach. Product oriented strategic business units are the primary focus for this organization. A strong centralized line management is supported by most of the supermarkets and thus most of the senior management spends their time in making line decisions that support infrastructure. According to Achtenhagen, Melin and Naldi (2013), the best outcome of Walmart was just because of retaining its suppliers and distributors, whereas other companies such as Kmart is constantl y engaged in changing suppliers in search price reduction. On the other hand, Tsai, Chang, and Peng (2016) were of the opinion that successful organizations need to stratify their official business within the infrastructure, but not modify their infrastructure. According to Willard (2012), the building blocks of corporate strategy are not markets or products but actually the business processes. On the other hand, Christin Jurisch et al. (2014) pointed out that competitive success depends on companys key process transformation into strategic capabilities, which provides continuous superior value to the customer. Hilb (2012) opined that the companies allocate capabilities by allocating them to strategic investments to support infrastructure that links SBUs and functions. On the other hand, Maponya (2015) pointed out that capabilities necessarily cross function; the champion of a capabilities-based strategy is the CEO. The core business capabilities for an organization consisted of five parameters, which are speed, consistency, acuity, agility, and innovativeness. Walmart has successfully maintained all these parameters and thus has been able to far exceed its competitors. The organization has been able to transform its capabilities into strat egy by involving better management rather than diversifying its target segments and thus it has able to retain its stakeholders. According to Chakravarty (2014), a shift in the strategic framework for achieving aggressive goals helps an organization in making potential business capabilities. Successful organizations need to abandon their traditional function cost, profit-center orientation by managing and identifying capabilities to link customer needs to customer satisfaction. On the other hand, Mishra, Devaraj and Vaidyanathan (2013) argued that successful organizations need to choose capabilities and make sure of the fact that the existing employees have enough skill and knowledge to achieve new capabilities. In this respect, Walmart has always engaged its consumers with the best service from its employees. Employees are always trained and are given the best knowledge of future capabilities for engaging customers. On the other hand, if Coles Australia is considered, then it can be said that with the installation of Blue-Sky technology, the employees are not well aware of the existing products in the superma rket and hence the employees do not entertain any query raised by the consumer. According to Koca-Helvaci (2015), successful organizations need to value its employees and thus, must reward them while they achieve business capabilities. In this way, employee motivation is extended. Walmart hikes the salaries of its employees after every six months and thus engages them. On the other hand, Mukoyama and Dawson (2013) pointed out that evaluation of employees is too much important for an organization but for its sustained success, the leadership must not be delegated. Cross-functional strategies are quite prone to happen when an organization changes with adaptability. Thus, the leadership must be restored within the CEO and directors so that business process is not derailed. This has been the same case for Walmart. The organization has maintained its strategic movement within its CEO and thus uniform decisions are followed throughout all the business units. Thus, it can be said that there are a lot of ways beyond traditional product diversification and situational an alysis for an organization for its expansion. Conclusion From the above discussion, it is evident that organizations will be able to enhance their competitive advantage only by technological developments and relationships with suppliers. With the progress of time, the corporate expansion will surely extend in overseas countries, but new relations have to be created. From the discussion, it has been found that Walmart has been the most successful retail organization as it has followed product diversification, largest market segmentation, excellent relationship building and top class communication channel. Global competitive advantage can only be created if there are differences in operation among the different organizations. Differences will create opportunities for successful organizations in better catching hold of the market. From the discussion it has been found that organizations will surely be able to extend its market base if new capabilities such as inventory and warehouse management are taken care. The organizations spend much of t he capital in developing their inventories. It may be difficult for organizations to fulfill cross-docking but if particular suppliers are retained then surely top class products can be selected by a successful organization. On the other hand, it must be kept in mind that marketing dimensions are changing, and consumer perception and expectation is continuously evolving. Successful organizations have to predict the demand and forecast the future opportunities by extending their RD team so that resource allocation and risk management can be thought of as early as possible. Consumer demand is continuously changing, and therefore, marketing channels require proper integration so that overseas demands are exchanged between the organizations headquarters. If organizations infrastructure requires change, then in that case it must be ascertained whether its employees are fit or not for the new framework. Technological innovation has to be well communicated to the employees so that service is maintained at the top class in future. Reference List Abdullah Saif, N., 2015. How does Marketing Strategy Influence Firm Performance? Implementation of Marketing Strategy for Firm Success.IJIED, 1(3), pp.7-15. 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